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Rotational velocities of A-type stars in the northern hemisphere. II. Measurement of v sin i
This work is the second part of the set of measurements of v sin i forA-type stars, begun by Royer et al. (\cite{Ror_02a}). Spectra of 249 B8to F2-type stars brighter than V=7 have been collected at Observatoirede Haute-Provence (OHP). Fourier transforms of several line profiles inthe range 4200-4600 Å are used to derive v sin i from thefrequency of the first zero. Statistical analysis of the sampleindicates that measurement error mainly depends on v sin i and thisrelative error of the rotational velocity is found to be about 5% onaverage. The systematic shift with respect to standard values fromSlettebak et al. (\cite{Slk_75}), previously found in the first paper,is here confirmed. Comparisons with data from the literature agree withour findings: v sin i values from Slettebak et al. are underestimatedand the relation between both scales follows a linear law ensuremath vsin inew = 1.03 v sin iold+7.7. Finally, thesedata are combined with those from the previous paper (Royer et al.\cite{Ror_02a}), together with the catalogue of Abt & Morrell(\cite{AbtMol95}). The resulting sample includes some 2150 stars withhomogenized rotational velocities. Based on observations made atObservatoire de Haute Provence (CNRS), France. Tables \ref{results} and\ref{merging} are only available in electronic form at the CDS viaanonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.125.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/393/897
| Neon abundances in normal late-B and mercury-manganese stars
We make new non-local thermodynamic equilibrium calculations to deducethe abundances of neon from visible-region echelle spectra of selectedNei lines in seven normal stars and 20HgMn stars. We find that the beststrong blend-free Ne line that can be used at the lower end of theeffective temperature Teff range is λ6402, althoughseveral other potentially useful Nei lines are found in the red regionof the spectra of these stars. The mean neon abundance in the normalstars (logA=8.10) is in excellent agreement with the standard abundanceof neon (8.08). However, in HgMn stars neon is almost universallyunderabundant, ranging from marginal deficits of 0.1-0.3dex tounderabundances of an order of magnitude or more. In many cases, thelines are so weak that only upper limits can be established. The mostextreme example found is υ Her with an underabundance of at least1.5dex. These underabundances are qualitatively expected from radiativeacceleration calculations, which show that Ne has a very small radiativeacceleration in the photosphere, and that it is expected to undergogravitational settling if the mixing processes are sufficiently weak andthere is no strong stellar wind. According to theoretical predictions,the low Ne abundances place an important constraint on the intensity ofsuch stellar winds, which must be less than10-14Msolaryr-1 if they arenon-turbulent.
| A catalogue of [Fe/H] determinations: 1996 edition
A fifth Edition of the Catalogue of [Fe/H] determinations is presentedherewith. It contains 5946 determinations for 3247 stars, including 751stars in 84 associations, clusters or galaxies. The literature iscomplete up to December 1995. The 700 bibliographical referencescorrespond to [Fe/H] determinations obtained from high resolutionspectroscopic observations and detailed analyses, most of them carriedout with the help of model-atmospheres. The Catalogue is made up ofthree formatted files: File 1: field stars, File 2: stars in galacticassociations and clusters, and stars in SMC, LMC, M33, File 3: numberedlist of bibliographical references The three files are only available inelectronic form at the Centre de Donnees Stellaires in Strasbourg, viaanonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5), or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/Abstract.html
| Elemental abundances in normal late-B and HgMn stars from co-added IUE spectra V. Mercury.
Atmospheric mercury abundances are derived for a sample of 40main-sequence, late-B stars, of which 14 are classified normal, and 26are known chemically peculiar stars of HgMn or related He-weak types.The observational material for this study comprises co-added,short-wavelength IUE spectra encompassing the HgII λ1942resonance line, coupled with a selection of new and publishedmeasurements (equivalent widths and centroid wavelengths) of the opticalHgII λ3984 and HgI λ4358 lines. The analysis includes anexplicit treatment of the isotopic and hyperfine structure of theselines, and allows for star-to-star variations in the isotopiccomposition of mercury within the framework of an assumed,mass-dependent fractionation model. The relative isotopic abundances ofmercury (as defined by a dimensionless mix parameter, q) are determinedusing the graphical method pioneered by White et al. In agreement withprevious studies, q is found to be strongly anti-correlated witheffective temperature, in the sense that the coolest stars are dominatedby the heaviest isotopes (e.g., ^202^Hg and ^204^Hg). New isotopic-mixparameters for three programme stars - 87 Psc (q=0.3), 28 Her (q=2.8),and HR 7775 (q=1.5) - reinforce that anti-correlation. Syntheticreconstruction of the λ3984 line in those programme stars forwhich high-resolution spectra are available tends to confirm theisotopic mixtures derived using the graphical method, and lends validityto the mass-dependent fractionation model in general. However, theλ3984 feature observed in the cool HgMn star HR 7775 can only besatisfactorily reproduced by using a tailored isotopic mixture, whichdeparts significantly from that predicted by the q-formalism. Theλ1942 resonance line is detected in 10 normal B stars, for whichthe mean isotope-summed mercury abundance of 1.96+/-0.34dex (on thescale where logN(H)=12) exceeds the meteoritic value by nearly 3σ.The mercury abundances derived for the HgMn stars vary between ~5 and7dex, except for two objects (53 Tau and HR 2676) in which theabundances are consistent with those observed in the normal stars. TheHe-weak stars in the programme (33 Gem, HR 6000, 36 Lyn, and 46 Aql)appear to be mildly enriched in mercury, but to an extent rendereduncertain by unknown isotopic-mix parameters. The abundances obtainedfrom the optical and ultraviolet lines agree to within their estimatederrors, which lends weight to the view that the metastable lower levelof λ3984 (5d^9^6s^2^^2^D_5/2_) is not overpopulated with respectto its LTE value. The isotope-summed mercury abundances are notcorrelated with the effective temperatures, surface gravities, or degreeof isotopic fractionation of the programme stars; nor is there evidencefor systematic changes in the surface mercury abundances of HgMn starsalong evolutionary tracks in the H-R diagram.
| Elemental abundances in normal late-B and HgMn stars from co-added IUE spectra. IV. Gallium.
An analysis is presented of the ultraviolet gallium resonance lines inInternational Ultraviolet Explorer (IUE) spectra of 40 normal,superficially normal, and HgMn-type late-B stars. Gallium abundances arederived by fitting the GaIIλ1414, and GaIIIλλ1495,1534 lines with synthetic spectra computed under the conventionalassumptions of local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) and atmosphericchemical homogeneity. We find that the derived upper limits on thegallium abundances of the normal and superficially normal stars areconsistent with the solar value. However, gallium is overabundant inessentially all HgMn stars, including the cooler examples such as HR4072, χ Lup, and ι CrB, where the enhancements are relativelymoderate and unambiguous identification of the resonance lines dependscritically on newly available laboratory wavelengths. Furthermore, thegallium overabundances in the HgMn stars exhibit a loose correlationwith effective temperature, similar in most respects to those identifiedfor manganese and copper in the same stars except for the presence ofthe anomalously Ga-rich, cool HgMn star HR 7775. We show that asystematic discrepancy between the abundances derived from the Ga^+^ andGa^2+^ ions in the hotter HgMn stars (T_eff_>12000K) can be explainedby radiative transfer effects in the presence of a stratification ofgallium at optical depths above logτ_0_=~0. This `stratificationmodel' can also account for the anomalously shaped Gaiii λ1495profiles observed in the extreme cases of μ Lep, HR 2844, and HR 7143(as demonstrated in a previous paper), and is consistent with publishedpredictions of radiative diffusion theory for non-magnetic stars.
| Vitesses radiales. Catalogue WEB: Wilson Evans Batten. Subtittle: Radial velocities: The Wilson-Evans-Batten catalogue.
We give a common version of the two catalogues of Mean Radial Velocitiesby Wilson (1963) and Evans (1978) to which we have added the catalogueof spectroscopic binary systems (Batten et al. 1989). For each star,when possible, we give: 1) an acronym to enter SIMBAD (Set ofIdentifications Measurements and Bibliography for Astronomical Data) ofthe CDS (Centre de Donnees Astronomiques de Strasbourg). 2) the numberHIC of the HIPPARCOS catalogue (Turon 1992). 3) the CCDM number(Catalogue des Composantes des etoiles Doubles et Multiples) byDommanget & Nys (1994). For the cluster stars, a precise study hasbeen done, on the identificator numbers. Numerous remarks point out theproblems we have had to deal with.
| Elemental abundances in normal late-B and HgMn stars from co-added IUE spectra. 3: Copper and zinc
Atmospheric abundances of copper and zinc are derived for a sample of 40normal, superficially normal, and HgMn-type main-sequence late-B starsby local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) spectrum-synthesis analysis ofco-added high-resolution International Ultraviolet Explorer (IUE)spectra. In the normal and superficially normal stars, the abundances ofthese elements are generally consistent with their solar values, towithin the limits of observational and analytical error. In most (butnot all) HgMn stars, copper is found to be overabundant and, moreover,exhibits a pronounced positive correlation with effective temperaturesimilar to that seen for manganese. Zinc is typically deficient in theHgMn stars with underabundances of 2 dex or more in many cases, althoughit is apparently overabundant in three program stars and present atessentially solar abundance in three others. There appears to be nocharacteristic distinguishing those HgMn stars which are zinc-rich orzinc-normal from those that are zinc-deficient. These results providefurther evidence for the existence of a sub-group of hot, mild HgMnstars characterized, in the context of this work, by relatively moderateoverabundances of copper when compared with other 'genuine' HgMn starsof similar effective temperature. While the copper abundance correlationwith effective temperature would appear to be a possible signature ofradiative diffusion in the atmospheres of HgMn stars, the inexplicablydichotomous behavior of zinc in the same objects could prove difficultto reconcile with existing parameter-free models of this mechanism.
| Elemental Abundances in Normal Late B-Stars and Hgmn-Stars from Co-Added IUE Spectra - Part Two - Magnesium Aluminium and Silicon
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1993A&A...276..393S&db_key=AST
| Elemental Abundances in Normal Late B-Stars and Hgmn-Stars from Co-Added IUE Spectra - Part One - Iron Peak Elements
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1993A&A...274..335S&db_key=AST
| Delta-a photometry of Be/shell stars
Existing spectrophotometry of Be/stars is used to synthesize the indexDelta-a, which is commonly used to identify CP2 stars (Ap stars).Together with direct measurements of Delta-a, it is shown that thephotometric behavior of the Be star Pleione during its recent shellepisode, mimicking a CP2-star by its Delta-a, is not a common phenomenonamong Be stars. The possible contamination of photometrically detectedCP2 stars is therefore negligible.
| 'Normal' main sequence AO stars of low rotational velocity
A set of v sin i values has been derived in a homogeneous way for allthe northern unevolved AO stars which are listed in the Bright StarCatalogue and which are known to rotate more slowly than 40 km/s. Themethod used for the v sin i measurement employs the FFT algorithm and isdesigned to make the best use possible of line profiles obtained fromphotographic spectrograms. It is interesting to notice that, from afirst glance analysis of the spectra obtained, the suspicion arises thatAO single stars with atmospheric solar composition are very rare or evennonexistent among slow rotators (v sin i of less than 15 km/s).
| ICCD speckle observations of binary stars. I - A survey for duplicity among the bright stars
A survey of a sample of 672 stars from the Yale Bright Star Catalog(Hoffleit, 1982) has been carried out using speckle interferometry onthe 3.6-cm Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope in order to establish thebinary star frequency within the sample. This effort was motivated bythe need for a more observationally determined basis for predicting thefrequency of failure of the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) fine-guidancesensors to achieve guide-star lock due to duplicity. This survey of 426dwarfs and 246 evolved stars yielded measurements of 52 newly discoveredbinaries and 60 previously known binary systems. It is shown that thefrequency of close visual binaries in the separation range 0.04-0.25arcsec is 11 percent, or nearly 3.5 times that previously known.
| Observations of interstellar diffuse absorption band at 4430 A
Observations of the interstellar diffuse absorption band at 4430 A for800 O and B stars in Neckel's (1967) catalog are being carried out, and482 spectra obtained up to September 1983 have been reduced. It isconfirmed that the strength of the interstellar diffuse absorption bandat 4430 A does not simply relate to the abundance of interstellar grainson the line of sight. The relation between the color excess E(B-V) andthe equivalent width of the band to the direction of l = 130-140 deg andb = -5 to +5 deg shows that some parameter(s) other than E(B-V) is (are)needed to understand the cause of this band.
| Research Note - Absolute UBV Photometry at the Zacatecas Observatory
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1985RMxAA..11...55S&db_key=AST
| The local system of early type stars - Spatial extent and kinematics
Published uvby and H-beta photometric data and proper motions arecompiled and analyzed to characterize the structure and kinematics ofthe bright early-type O-A0 stars in the solar vicinity, with a focus onthe Gould belt. The selection and calibration techniques are explained,and the data are presented in extensive tables and graphs and discussedin detail. The Gould belt stars of age less than 20 Myr are shown togive belt inclination 19 deg to the Galactic plane and node-lineorientation in the direction of Galactic rotation, while the symmetricaldistribution about the Galactic plane and kinematic properties (purecircular differential rotation) of the belt stars over 60 Myr oldresemble those of fainter nonbelt stars of all ages. The unresolveddiscrepancy between the expansion observed in the youngest nearby starsand the predictions of simple models of expansion from a point isattributed to the inhomogeneous distribution of interstellar matter.
| The A0 stars
A photometric grid, standardized on MK spectral standards, has been usedto compare spectral types and luminosity classes obtainedphotometrically with those in two extensive spectral surveys coveringthe entire sky. Major discrepancies include the spectroscopicclassification of B9.5, which may indicate an otherwise unrecognizedspectral peculiarity, a different A0/A1 spectral type boundary in thetwo samples involved, the well-known misclassification of weak heliumstars, and an appreciable percentage of stars which are called dwarfsspectroscopically but are of higher photometric luminosity. The spacemotion vectors of these stars for which radial velocities are available,and excluding the minimum of 25 percent that are spectroscopic binarieswithout orbital elements, show structure in their distribution in the(U, V)-plane, with members of the Local Association and the Hyades andSirius superclusters forming obvious concentrations. The members of theLocal Association in the samples are mainly old (more than 200 millionyears) mode A stars, although a few much younger stars are included. Themembers of the Hyades and Sirius superclusters contain many bluestragglers, including several peculiar stars of the Hg, Mn, and Sivarieties.
| Possible iron abundance variations among superficially normal A stars
The wavelength coincidence statistics (WCS) method is used to examinethe high-dispersion spectra of a sample of superficially normal late Band early A stars selected on the basis of low projected rotationalvelocities. Two lists of about 70 strong and weak Fe II lines were used,and line intensities predicted for 10,000 K. On the basis of WCS forstars having published fine analyses, it is suggested that several starsin the sample are deficient in iron and may have sharper-lined spectrathan the weak-lined A or Lambda Bootis stars previously recognized. Itis further suggested that weak-lined stars, which may represent a largefraction of the late B and early A stars, may have a part of theirpeculiar chemistry arising from small abundance fluctuations in theinterstellar medium.
| Duplicity of late B-type stars
High-dispersion spectroscopic observations of 83 stars are used todetermine the binary characteristics of late B-type stars. For a randomsample of such objects, including peculiar as well as normal stars, thefrequency of binaries with mass ratios m2/m sub 1 greaterthan 0.1 and orbital periods less than 100 days is estimated to be about24%, and the frequency of binaries decreases with decreasingm2/m sub 1. In both respects, the late B-type stars aresimilar to early B-, late A-, and solar-type stars. For the majority ofstars with an orbital period greater than 4 days, the observedrotational velocity exceeds the value that corresponds to synchronism ofrotation and revolution, but the ratio of the observed to thesynchronous rotational velocity seldom exceeds a factor of 2 even forperiods as long as 15 days. An additional 20% of the stars surveyedexhibit low amplitude-velocity variations that, if due to orbitalmotion, correspond to m2 m1 less than 0.1. Themost likely explanation is that these systems are close binary remnantsthat have already passed through the mass-transfer phase, with thepresent secondary being a white dwarf.
| Is star formation bimodal ? II. The nearest early-type stars.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1977PASP...89..187E&db_key=AST
| Catalogue of early-type stars measured in a narrow-band photometric system
A compilation of the photoelectric measurements in the Barbier-Morguleffsystem is presented. The catalogue includes data for 773 stars ofspectral type 08 to F6. 706 stars have been measured at least twice.
| Rotational Velocities of a0 Stars
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1974ApJS...28..101D&db_key=AST
| Four-color and H beta photometry for the bright B8 and B9 type stars north of declination -10 degre.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1973AJ.....78..738C&db_key=AST
| U, b, v, and Hβ Photometry for the Bright B8- and B9-TYPE Stars.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1963ApJ...137..530C&db_key=AST
| Spectral Classification of 533 B8-A2 Stars and the Mean Absolute Magnitude of a0 V Stars.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1959ApJ...130..159O&db_key=AST
| Stars with large proper motions in the astrographic zones +32° and +33° (List II)
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