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The Geneva-Copenhagen survey of the Solar neighbourhood. Ages, metallicities, and kinematic properties of 14 000 F and G dwarfs
We present and discuss new determinations of metallicity, rotation, age,kinematics, and Galactic orbits for a complete, magnitude-limited, andkinematically unbiased sample of 16 682 nearby F and G dwarf stars. Our63 000 new, accurate radial-velocity observations for nearly 13 500stars allow identification of most of the binary stars in the sampleand, together with published uvbyβ photometry, Hipparcosparallaxes, Tycho-2 proper motions, and a few earlier radial velocities,complete the kinematic information for 14 139 stars. These high-qualityvelocity data are supplemented by effective temperatures andmetallicities newly derived from recent and/or revised calibrations. Theremaining stars either lack Hipparcos data or have fast rotation. Amajor effort has been devoted to the determination of new isochrone agesfor all stars for which this is possible. Particular attention has beengiven to a realistic treatment of statistical biases and errorestimates, as standard techniques tend to underestimate these effectsand introduce spurious features in the age distributions. Our ages agreewell with those by Edvardsson et al. (\cite{edv93}), despite severalastrophysical and computational improvements since then. We demonstrate,however, how strong observational and theoretical biases cause thedistribution of the observed ages to be very different from that of thetrue age distribution of the sample. Among the many basic relations ofthe Galactic disk that can be reinvestigated from the data presentedhere, we revisit the metallicity distribution of the G dwarfs and theage-metallicity, age-velocity, and metallicity-velocity relations of theSolar neighbourhood. Our first results confirm the lack of metal-poor Gdwarfs relative to closed-box model predictions (the ``G dwarfproblem''), the existence of radial metallicity gradients in the disk,the small change in mean metallicity of the thin disk since itsformation and the substantial scatter in metallicity at all ages, andthe continuing kinematic heating of the thin disk with an efficiencyconsistent with that expected for a combination of spiral arms and giantmolecular clouds. Distinct features in the distribution of the Vcomponent of the space motion are extended in age and metallicity,corresponding to the effects of stochastic spiral waves rather thanclassical moving groups, and may complicate the identification ofthick-disk stars from kinematic criteria. More advanced analyses of thisrich material will require careful simulations of the selection criteriafor the sample and the distribution of observational errors.Based on observations made with the Danish 1.5-m telescope at ESO, LaSilla, Chile, and with the Swiss 1-m telescope at Observatoire deHaute-Provence, France.Complete Tables 1 and 2 are only available in electronic form at the CDSvia anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/418/989
| Statistics of spectroscopic sub-systems in visual multiple stars
A large sample of visual multiples of spectral types F5-M has beensurveyed for the presence of spectroscopic sub-systems. Some 4200 radialvelocities of 574 components were measured in 1994-2000 with thecorrelation radial velocity meter. A total of 46 new spectroscopicorbits were computed for this sample. Physical relations are establishedfor most of the visual systems and several optical components areidentified as well. The period distribution of sub-systems has a maximumat periods from 2 to 7 days, likely explained by a combination of tidaldissipation with triple-star dynamics. The fraction of spectroscopicsub-systems among the dwarf components of close visual binaries withknown orbits is similar to that of field dwarfs, from 11% to 18% percomponent. Sub-systems are more frequent among the components of widevisual binaries and among wide tertiary components to the known visualor spectroscopic binaries - 20% and 30%, respectively. In triple systemswith both outer (visual) and inner (spectroscopic) orbits known, we findan anti-correlation between the periods of inner sub-systems and theeccentricities of outer orbits which must be related to dynamicalstability constraints. Tables 1, 2, and 6 are only available inelectronic form at the CDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr(130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/382/118
| Kinematics of Hipparcos Visual Binaries. II. Stars with Ground-Based Orbital Solutions
This paper continues kinematical investigations of the Hipparcos visualbinaries with known orbits. A sample, consisting of 804 binary systemswith orbital elements determined from ground-based observations, isselected. The mean relative error of their parallaxes is about 12% andthe mean relative error of proper motions is about 4%. However, even 41%of the sample stars lack radial velocity measurements. The computedGalactic velocity components and other kinematical parameters are usedto divide the stars with known radial velocities into kinematical agegroups. The majority (92%) of binaries from the sample are thin diskstars, 7.6% have thick disk kinematics and only two binaries have halokinematics. Among them, the long-period variable Mira Ceti has a verydiscordant {Hipparcos} and ground-based parallax values. From the wholesample, 60 stars are ascribed to the thick disk and halo population.There is an urgent need to increase the number of the identified halobinaries with known orbits and substantially improve the situation withradial velocity data for stars with known orbits.
| ICCD Speckle Observations of Binary Stars. XXIII. Measurements during 1982-1997 from Six Telescopes, with 14 New Orbits
We present 2017 observations of 1286 binary stars, observed by means ofspeckle interferometry using six telescopes over a 15 year period from1982 April to 1997 June. These measurements constitute the 23dinstallment in CHARA's speckle program at 2 to 4 m class telescopes andinclude the second major collection of measurements from the MountWilson 100 inch (2.5 m) Hooker Telescope. Orbital elements are alsopresented for 14 systems, seven of which have had no previouslypublished orbital analyses.
| ICCD Speckle Observations of Binary Stars. XVII. Measurements During 1993-1995 From the Mount Wilson 2.5-M Telescope.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1997AJ....114.1639H&db_key=AST
| Not Available
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| Observations of double stars and new pairs. XV
The study reports visual and photographic measures listed for 1150 pairsobtained in the time frame 1989.91-1992.15, including 221 new doublestars. Magnitudes were estimated for a part of the objects, especiallythe fainter ones. Plate orientations were calculated from field stars ofknown positions and were precessed to the epoch; numbers of nights andof measured exposures are given. Reobservation of faint, neglected pairsreveal many corrections to the data from the old discovery lists.
| Orbital elements of 17 binary stars
This paper presents the orbital elements of seventeen binary stars.Three of them are new computations (ADS 5103, Fin 384, Ho 276), theothers are revisions of orbits which do not fit well the recentobservations (ADS 1786, 5332, 5447, 5535, 6405, 9730, 9806, 10017,10696, 15398, 15902, 16538, Cou 1145, and Fin 381). For each pair, withthe elements, the paper gives the measures and the O-C, the dynamicalparallax, and the ephemeris.
| Binary star measurements made at Nice with the 50-cm reflector
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1989A&AS...77..125L&db_key=AST
| Speckle interferometric measurements of binary stars. IV
Speckle interferometric observations of interferometric binaries, closevisual double stars, and nearby stars suspected to be binaries have beenobtained with the 3.6-meter Canada-France-Hawaii telescope. As a part ofthis program, the stars Gl 616.2 and Gl 831 are clearly resolved as abinary for the first time, and Gl 793.1 appears to be marginallyresolved. Gl 747.2 and Gl 866 are confirmed as double stars.
| Micrometer observations of double stars and new pairs. XIII
From a program of double star observations which emphasizes orbital,neglected, and newly discovered pairs, results obtained from October1984 to January 1987 are presented. A total of 3030 visual and 550photographic measures are listed. The positions in WDS format andDurchmusterung numbers are shown for 117 pairs for which firstobservations appear in this paper. Magnitudes are estimated for some ofthe objects.
| Micrometer Measures of Double Stars at Lick Observatory
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1984PASP...96..174C&db_key=AST
| Micrometer Observations of Double Stars and New Pairs - Part Ten
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1980ApJS...44..111H&db_key=AST
| Mesures d'etoiles doubles faites a Nice.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1978A&AS...33..275M&db_key=AST
| Micrometer observations of double stars.8.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1975ApJS...29..315H&db_key=AST
| Micrometric Measures of Double Stars
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1974ApJS...28..413V&db_key=AST
| Mesures d'etoiles doubles faites AU refracteur de 38cm de l'Observatoire de Nice.
Not Available
| Mikrometermessungen von Doppelsternen. V
Not Available
| Mesures d'étoiles doubles faites au 0,38 m de l'Observatoire de Paris.
Not Available
| Mesures d'étoiles doubles faites au réfracteur de 38 cm de l'Observatoire de Nice
Not Available
| Micrometer Measures of Double Stars.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1961ApJS....6....1K&db_key=AST
| Mesures d'étoiles doubles faites au réfracteur de 38 cm de l'Observatoire de Nice
Not Available
| Mesures d'étoiles doubles faites à l'Observatoire de Paris
Not Available
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| Takýmyýldýz: | Herkul |
| Sað Açýklýk: | 16h21m14.74s |
| Yükselim: | +22°59'18.5" |
| Görünürdeki Parlaklýk: | 7.908 |
| Uzaklýk: | 67.476 parsek |
| özdevim Sað Açýklýk: | -8.1 |
| özdevim Yükselim: | -38.7 |
| B-T magnitude: | 8.531 |
| V-T magnitude: | 7.96 |
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