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Effective temperature scale and bolometric corrections from 2MASS photometry
We present a method to determine effective temperatures, angularsemi-diameters and bolometric corrections for population I and II FGKtype stars based on V and 2MASS IR photometry. Accurate calibration isaccomplished by using a sample of solar analogues, whose averagetemperature is assumed to be equal to the solar effective temperature of5777 K. By taking into account all possible sources of error we estimateassociated uncertainties to better than 1% in effective temperature andin the range 1.0-2.5% in angular semi-diameter for unreddened stars.Comparison of our new temperatures with other determinations extractedfrom the literature indicates, in general, remarkably good agreement.These results suggest that the effective temperaure scale of FGK starsis currently established with an accuracy better than 0.5%-1%. Theapplication of the method to a sample of 10 999 dwarfs in the Hipparcoscatalogue allows us to define temperature and bolometric correction (Kband) calibrations as a function of (V-K), [m/H] and log g. Bolometriccorrections in the V and K bands as a function of T_eff, [m/H] and log gare also given. We provide effective temperatures, angularsemi-diameters, radii and bolometric corrections in the V and K bandsfor the 10 999 FGK stars in our sample with the correspondinguncertainties.
| The local distribution of NA I interstellar gas
We present high-resolution absorption measurements (lambda/Delta lambdaapproximately 75,000) of the interstellar Na I D lines at 5890 A toward80 southern hemisphere early-type stars located in the localinterstellar medium (LISM). Combining these results with other sodiummeasurements taken from the literature, we produce galactic maps of thedistribution of neutral sodium column density for a total of 293 starsgenerally lying within approximately 250 pc of the Sun. These mapsreveal the approximate shape of the mid-plane contours of the rarefiedregion of interstellar space termed the Local Bubble. Its shape is seenas highly asymmetric, with a radius ranging from 30 to 300 pc, and withan average radius of 60 pc. Similar plots of the Galactic mid-planedistribution of sources emitting extreme ultraviolet radiation show thatthey also trace out similar contours of the Local Bubble derived from NaI absorption measurements. We conclude that the Local Bubble absorptioninterface can be represented by a hydrogen column density,NuETA = 2 x 1019 cm-2, which explainsboth the local distribution of Na I absorption and the observed galacticdistribution of extreme ultraviolet sources. The derived mid-planecontours of the Bubble generally reproduce the large-scale featurescarved out in the interstellar medium by several nearby galactic shellstructures.
| On the nearest molecular clouds. III - MBM 40, 53, 54, and 55
In an attempt to determine the distances to four high-latitude molecularclouds (HLCs), echelle spectra near the Na I D lines, accurate MKspectral types, and photoelectric photometry for 25 nearby stars havebeen obtained. Fairly firm distance limits may be placed on MBM 40 (dsmaller than or equal to 140 pc) and MBM 53 (d greater than or equal to110 pc and less than or equal to 155 pc), based on the presence orabsence of strong interstellar Na I absorption towards stars projectedon or near those HLCs. Weak interstellar absorption lines observedtoward many of the stars located near MBM 54 and 55 make the distancesto those clouds less certain (about 265 pc for both). Interstellar CHabsorption at 4300 A was detected in the spectrum of HD 218662, locatedbehind MBM 53 with a CH column density of 2.1 x 10 to the 13th per sqcm, thus implying a CH abundance comparable to that observed in othermolecular clouds. Morphological and velocity agreement among COemission, the Na I absorption, the 100 micron infrared cirrus emission,and the 21 cm H I emission near these HLCs suggest a close associationof the interstellar material responsible for those phenomena.
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